usePopover

Provides the behavior and accessibility implementation for a popover component. A popover is an overlay element positioned relative to a trigger.

install	`yarn add react-aria`
version	3.18.0
usage	`import {usePopover} from 'react-aria'`

View ARIA pattern

W3C

API#

usePopover(
  (props: PopoverProps,
  , state: OverlayTriggerState
)): PopoverAria

Features#

There is no built in way to create popovers in HTML. usePopover, helps achieve accessible popovers that can be styled as needed.

Exposes overlay trigger and connects trigger to overlay with ARIA
Positions the overlay relative to the trigger
Hides content behind the overlay from assistive technology while open
Handles closing the overlay when interacting outside and pressing the Escape key
Restores focus to the triggering element on unmount

Note: usePopover only handles the overlay itself. It should be combined with useDialog to create fully accessible popovers. Other overlays such as menus may also be placed in a popover.

Anatomy#

A popover consists of a trigger element (e.g. button) and an overlay, which is positioned relative to the trigger. The overlay may contain a dialog, or another element such as a menu or listbox when used within a component such as a select or combobox.

usePopover returns props that you should spread onto the trigger element and the appropriate element:

Name	Type	Description
`popoverProps`	`DOMAttributes`	Props for the popover element.
`arrowProps`	`DOMAttributes`	Props for the popover tip arrow if any.

State is managed by the useOverlayTriggerState hook in @react-stately/overlays. The state object should be passed as an argument to usePopover.

Example#

This example shows how to build a typical popover overlay that is positioned relative to a trigger button. The content of the popover is a dialog, built with useDialog. The Dialog component used in this example can also be reused within a modal or other types of overlays. The implementation is available below.

The Popover component uses an <Overlay> to render its contents in a React Portal at the end of the document body, which ensures it is not clipped by other elements. It also acts as a focus scope, containing focus within the popover and restoring it to the trigger when it unmounts. usePopover handles positioning the popover relative to the trigger element, and closing it when the user interacts outside or presses the Escape key.

usePopover also hides content outside the popover from screen readers, which is important since the surrounding content won't be in context of the original trigger due to the portal. To allow screen reader users to dismiss the popover without a keyboard (e.g. on mobile), visually hidden <DismissButton> elements are added at the start and end of the popover.

import {DismissButton, Overlay, usePopover} from 'react-aria';

function Popover({ children, state, ...props }) {
  let ref = React.useRef();
  let { popoverRef = ref } = props;
  let { popoverProps } = usePopover({
    ...props,
    popoverRef
  }, state);

  return (
    <Overlay>
      <div
        {...popoverProps}
        ref={popoverRef}
        style={{
          ...popoverProps.style,
          background: 'var(--page-background)',
          border: '1px solid gray'
        }}
      >
        <DismissButton onDismiss={state.close} />
        {children}
        <DismissButton onDismiss={state.close} />
      </div>
    </Overlay>
  );
}

import {
  DismissButton,
  Overlay,
  usePopover
} from 'react-aria';

function Popover({ children, state, ...props }) {
  let ref = React.useRef();
  let { popoverRef = ref } = props;
  let { popoverProps } = usePopover({
    ...props,
    popoverRef
  }, state);

  return (
    <Overlay>
      <div
        {...popoverProps}
        ref={popoverRef}
        style={{
          ...popoverProps.style,
          background: 'var(--page-background)',
          border: '1px solid gray'
        }}
      >
        <DismissButton onDismiss={state.close} />
        {children}
        <DismissButton onDismiss={state.close} />
      </div>
    </Overlay>
  );
}

import {
  DismissButton,
  Overlay,
  usePopover
} from 'react-aria';

function Popover(
  {
    children,
    state,
    ...props
  }
) {
  let ref = React
    .useRef();
  let {
    popoverRef = ref
  } = props;
  let { popoverProps } =
    usePopover({
      ...props,
      popoverRef
    }, state);

  return (
    <Overlay>
      <div
        {...popoverProps}
        ref={popoverRef}
        style={{
          ...popoverProps
            .style,
          background:
            'var(--page-background)',
          border:
            '1px solid gray'
        }}
      >
        <DismissButton
          onDismiss={state
            .close}
        />
        {children}
        <DismissButton
          onDismiss={state
            .close}
        />
      </div>
    </Overlay>
  );
}

The above Popover component can be used as part of many different patterns, such as ComboBox, Select, and DatePicker. To use it standalone, we need a trigger element. The below PopoverTrigger component uses the useOverlayTrigger hook to trigger the popover when a button is pressed. This hook also ensures that the button and popover are semantically connected via ARIA.

import {useOverlayTrigger} from 'react-aria';
import {useOverlayTriggerState} from 'react-stately';

// Reuse the Button from your component library. See below for details.
import {Button} from 'your-component-library';

function PopoverTrigger({ label, children, ...props }) {
  let ref = React.useRef();
  let state = useOverlayTriggerState(props);
  let { triggerProps, overlayProps } = useOverlayTrigger(
    { type: 'dialog' },
    state,
    ref
  );

  return (
    <>
      <Button {...triggerProps} buttonRef={ref}>{label}</Button>
      {state.isOpen &&
        (
          <Popover triggerRef={ref} state={state}>
            {React.cloneElement(children, overlayProps)}
          </Popover>
        )}
    </>
  );
}

import {useOverlayTrigger} from 'react-aria';
import {useOverlayTriggerState} from 'react-stately';

// Reuse the Button from your component library. See below for details.
import {Button} from 'your-component-library';

function PopoverTrigger({ label, children, ...props }) {
  let ref = React.useRef();
  let state = useOverlayTriggerState(props);
  let { triggerProps, overlayProps } = useOverlayTrigger(
    { type: 'dialog' },
    state,
    ref
  );

  return (
    <>
      <Button {...triggerProps} buttonRef={ref}>
        {label}
      </Button>
      {state.isOpen &&
        (
          <Popover triggerRef={ref} state={state}>
            {React.cloneElement(children, overlayProps)}
          </Popover>
        )}
    </>
  );
}

import {useOverlayTrigger} from 'react-aria';
import {useOverlayTriggerState} from 'react-stately';

// Reuse the Button from your component library. See below for details.
import {Button} from 'your-component-library';

function PopoverTrigger(
  {
    label,
    children,
    ...props
  }
) {
  let ref = React
    .useRef();
  let state =
    useOverlayTriggerState(
      props
    );
  let {
    triggerProps,
    overlayProps
  } = useOverlayTrigger(
    { type: 'dialog' },
    state,
    ref
  );

  return (
    <>
      <Button
        {...triggerProps}
        buttonRef={ref}
      >
        {label}
      </Button>
      {state.isOpen &&
        (
          <Popover
            triggerRef={ref}
            state={state}
          >
            {React
              .cloneElement(
                children,
                overlayProps
              )}
          </Popover>
        )}
    </>
  );
}

Now, we can render an example popover containing a dialog.

// Reuse the Dialog from your component library. See below for details.
import {Dialog} from 'your-component-library';

<PopoverTrigger label="Open Popover">
  <Dialog title="Popover title">
    This is the content of the popover.
  </Dialog>
</PopoverTrigger>

// Reuse the Dialog from your component library. See below for details.
import {Dialog} from 'your-component-library';

<PopoverTrigger label="Open Popover">
  <Dialog title="Popover title">
    This is the content of the popover.
  </Dialog>
</PopoverTrigger>

// Reuse the Dialog from your component library. See below for details.
import {Dialog} from 'your-component-library';

<PopoverTrigger label="Open Popover">
  <Dialog title="Popover title">
    This is the content
    of the popover.
  </Dialog>
</PopoverTrigger>

Dialog#

The Dialog component is rendered within the Popover component. It is built using the useDialog hook, and can also be used in other overlay containers such as modals.

Show code

import {useDialog} from 'react-aria';

function Dialog({ title, children, ...props }) {
  let ref = React.useRef();
  let { dialogProps, titleProps } = useDialog(props, ref);

  return (
    <div {...dialogProps} ref={ref} style={{ padding: 30 }}>
      {title &&
        (
          <h3 {...titleProps} style={{ marginTop: 0 }}>
            {title}
          </h3>
        )}
      {children}
    </div>
  );
}

import {useDialog} from 'react-aria';

function Dialog({ title, children, ...props }) {
  let ref = React.useRef();
  let { dialogProps, titleProps } = useDialog(props, ref);

  return (
    <div {...dialogProps} ref={ref} style={{ padding: 30 }}>
      {title &&
        (
          <h3 {...titleProps} style={{ marginTop: 0 }}>
            {title}
          </h3>
        )}
      {children}
    </div>
  );
}

import {useDialog} from 'react-aria';

function Dialog(
  {
    title,
    children,
    ...props
  }
) {
  let ref = React
    .useRef();
  let {
    dialogProps,
    titleProps
  } = useDialog(
    props,
    ref
  );

  return (
    <div
      {...dialogProps}
      ref={ref}
      style={{
        padding: 30
      }}
    >
      {title &&
        (
          <h3
            {...titleProps}
            style={{
              marginTop:
                0
            }}
          >
            {title}
          </h3>
        )}
      {children}
    </div>
  );
}

Button#

The Button component is used in the above example to toggle the popover. It is built using the useButton hook, and can be shared with many other components.

Show code

import {useButton} from 'react-aria';

function Button(props) {
  let ref = props.buttonRef;
  let { buttonProps } = useButton(props, ref);
  return (
    <button {...buttonProps} ref={ref} style={props.style}>
      {props.children}
    </button>
  );
}

import {useButton} from 'react-aria';

function Button(props) {
  let ref = props.buttonRef;
  let { buttonProps } = useButton(props, ref);
  return (
    <button {...buttonProps} ref={ref} style={props.style}>
      {props.children}
    </button>
  );
}

import {useButton} from 'react-aria';

function Button(props) {
  let ref =
    props.buttonRef;
  let { buttonProps } =
    useButton(
      props,
      ref
    );
  return (
    <button
      {...buttonProps}
      ref={ref}
      style={props.style}
    >
      {props.children}
    </button>
  );
}

Name	Type	Default	Description
`triggerRef`	`RefObject<Element>`	—	The ref for the element which the popover positions itself with respect to.
`popoverRef`	`RefObject<Element>`	—	The ref for the popover element.
`isNonModal`	`boolean`	—	Whether the popover is non-modal, i.e. elements outside the popover may be interacted with by assistive technologies.
`placement`	`Placement`	`'bottom'`	The placement of the element with respect to its anchor element.
`containerPadding`	`number`	`12`	The placement padding that should be applied between the element and its surrounding container.
`offset`	`number`	`0`	The additional offset applied along the main axis between the element and its anchor element.
`crossOffset`	`number`	`0`	The additional offset applied along the cross axis between the element and its anchor element.
`shouldFlip`	`boolean`	`true`	Whether the element should flip its orientation (e.g. top to bottom or left to right) when there is insufficient room for it to render completely.

'bottom'
  | 'bottom left'
  | 'bottom right'
  | 'bottom start'
  | 'bottom end'
  | 'top'
  | 'top left'
  | 'top right'
  | 'top start'
  | 'top end'
  | 'left'
  | 'left top'
  | 'left bottom'
  | 'start'
  | 'start top'
  | 'start bottom'
  | 'right'
  | 'right top'
  | 'right bottom'
  | 'end'
  | 'end top'
  | 'end bottom'

Properties

Name	Type	Description
`isOpen`	`boolean`	Whether the overlay is currently open.

Methods

Method	Description
`setOpen( (isOpen: boolean )): void`	Sets whether the overlay is open.
`open(): void`	Opens the overlay.
`close(): void`	Closes the overlay.
`toggle(): void`	Toggles the overlay's visibility.

Name	Type	Description
`popoverProps`	`DOMAttributes`	Props for the popover element.
`arrowProps`	`DOMAttributes`	Props for the popover tip arrow if any.

Name	Type	Description
`id`	`string \| undefined`
`role`	`AriaRole \| undefined`
`tabIndex`	`number \| undefined`
`style`	`CSSProperties \| undefined`

Provides the behavior and accessibility implementation for a popover component. A popover is an overlay element positioned relative to a trigger.

usePopover(
  (props: PopoverProps,
  , state: OverlayTriggerState
)): PopoverAria

Manages state for an overlay trigger. Tracks whether the overlay is open, and provides methods to toggle this state.

useOverlayTriggerState(
  (props: OverlayTriggerProps
)): OverlayTriggerState

Name	Type	Description
`isOpen`	`boolean`	Whether the overlay is open by default (controlled).
`defaultOpen`	`boolean`	Whether the overlay is open by default (uncontrolled).
`onOpenChange`	`( (isOpen: boolean )) => void`	Handler that is called when the overlay's open state changes.

Provides the behavior and accessibility implementation for a dialog component. A dialog is an overlay shown above other content in an application.

useDialog(
  (props: AriaDialogProps,
  , ref: RefObject<FocusableElement>
)): DialogAria

Name	Type	Default	Description
`role`	`'dialog' \| 'alertdialog'`	`'dialog'`	The accessibility role for the dialog.
`id`	`string`	—	The element's unique identifier. See MDN.
`aria-label`	`string`	—	Defines a string value that labels the current element.
`aria-labelledby`	`string`	—	Identifies the element (or elements) that labels the current element.
`aria-describedby`	`string`	—	Identifies the element (or elements) that describes the object.
`aria-details`	`string`	—	Identifies the element (or elements) that provide a detailed, extended description for the object.

Name	Type	Description
`dialogProps`	`DOMAttributes`	Props for the dialog container element.
`titleProps`	`DOMAttributes`	Props for the dialog title element.

A container which renders an overlay such as a popover or modal in a portal, and provides a focus scope for the child elements.

Name	Type	Default	Description
`children`	`ReactNode`	—	The overlay to render in the portal.
`portalContainer`	`Element`	`document.body`	The container element in which the overlay portal will be placed.

A visually hidden button that can be used to allow screen reader users to dismiss a modal or popup when there is no visual affordance to do so.

Name	Type	Description
`onDismiss`	`() => void`	Called when the dismiss button is activated.
`aria-label`	`string`	Defines a string value that labels the current element.
`aria-labelledby`	`string`	Identifies the element (or elements) that labels the current element.
`aria-describedby`	`string`	Identifies the element (or elements) that describes the object.
`aria-details`	`string`	Identifies the element (or elements) that provide a detailed, extended description for the object.
`id`	`string`	The element's unique identifier. See MDN.

Handles the behavior and accessibility for an overlay trigger, e.g. a button that opens a popover, menu, or other overlay that is positioned relative to the trigger.

useOverlayTrigger(
  props: OverlayTriggerProps,
  state: OverlayTriggerState,
  ref: RefObject<Element>
): OverlayTriggerAria

Name	Type	Description
`type`	`'dialog' \| 'menu' \| 'listbox' \| 'tree' \| 'grid'`	Type of overlay that is opened by the trigger.

Name	Type	Description
`triggerProps`	`AriaButtonProps`	Props for the trigger element.
`overlayProps`	`DOMAttributes`	Props for the overlay container element.

Name	Type	Default	Description
`isDisabled`	`boolean`	—	Whether the button is disabled.
`children`	`ReactNode`	—	The content to display in the button.
`onPress`	`( (e: PressEvent )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when the press is released over the target.
`onPressStart`	`( (e: PressEvent )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when a press interaction starts.
`onPressEnd`	`( (e: PressEvent )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when a press interaction ends, either over the target or when the pointer leaves the target.
`onPressChange`	`( (isPressed: boolean )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when the press state changes.
`onPressUp`	`( (e: PressEvent )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when a press is released over the target, regardless of whether it started on the target or not.
`autoFocus`	`boolean`	—	Whether the element should receive focus on render.
`onFocus`	`( (e: FocusEvent )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when the element receives focus.
`onBlur`	`( (e: FocusEvent )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when the element loses focus.
`onFocusChange`	`( (isFocused: boolean )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when the element's focus status changes.
`onKeyDown`	`( (e: KeyboardEvent )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when a key is pressed.
`onKeyUp`	`( (e: KeyboardEvent )) => void`	—	Handler that is called when a key is released.
`href`	`string`	—	A URL to link to if elementType="a".
`target`	`string`	—	The target window for the link.
`rel`	`string`	—	The relationship between the linked resource and the current page. See MDN.
`elementType`	`ElementType \| JSXElementConstructor<any>`	`'button'`	The HTML element or React element used to render the button, e.g. 'div', 'a', or `RouterLink`.
`aria-expanded`	`boolean \| 'true' \| 'false'`	—	Indicates whether the element, or another grouping element it controls, is currently expanded or collapsed.
`aria-haspopup`	`boolean \| 'menu' \| 'listbox' \| 'tree' \| 'grid' \| 'dialog' \| 'true' \| 'false'`	—	Indicates the availability and type of interactive popup element, such as menu or dialog, that can be triggered by an element.
`aria-controls`	`string`	—	Identifies the element (or elements) whose contents or presence are controlled by the current element.
`aria-pressed`	`boolean \| 'true' \| 'false' \| 'mixed'`	—	Indicates the current "pressed" state of toggle buttons.
`type`	`'button' \| 'submit' \| 'reset'`	`'button'`	The behavior of the button when used in an HTML form.
`excludeFromTabOrder`	`boolean`	—	Whether to exclude the element from the sequential tab order. If true, the element will not be focusable via the keyboard by tabbing. This should be avoided except in rare scenarios where an alternative means of accessing the element or its functionality via the keyboard is available.
`id`	`string`	—	The element's unique identifier. See MDN.
`aria-label`	`string`	—	Defines a string value that labels the current element.
`aria-labelledby`	`string`	—	Identifies the element (or elements) that labels the current element.
`aria-describedby`	`string`	—	Identifies the element (or elements) that describes the object.
`aria-details`	`string`	—	Identifies the element (or elements) that provide a detailed, extended description for the object.

Name	Type	Description
`type`	`'pressstart' \| 'pressend' \| 'pressup' \| 'press'`	The type of press event being fired.
`pointerType`	`PointerType`	The pointer type that triggered the press event.
`target`	`Element`	The target element of the press event.
`shiftKey`	`boolean`	Whether the shift keyboard modifier was held during the press event.
`ctrlKey`	`boolean`	Whether the ctrl keyboard modifier was held during the press event.
`metaKey`	`boolean`	Whether the meta keyboard modifier was held during the press event.
`altKey`	`boolean`	Whether the alt keyboard modifier was held during the press event.

'mouse'
  | 'pen'
  | 'touch'
  | 'keyboard'
  | 'virtual'

BaseEvent<ReactKeyboardEvent<any>>

SyntheticEvent & {stopPropagation: () => void,
continuePropagation: () => void
}